{"id":1510,"date":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=1510"},"modified":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","slug":"39-kartela","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/exhibit\/39-kartela\/","title":{"rendered":"39. kartela"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1510\" class=\"elementor elementor-1510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426eb0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1426eb0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d76d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e675f73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e675f73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-300x236.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-1024x804.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-768x603.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-15x12.jpeg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225c171 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225c171\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\">\u201cXakearen Moralak\u201d Benjamin Franklin-ena<\/span><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\"><br \/><br \/>Benjamin Franklinek 1786an idatzitako \u201cXakearen Moralak\u201d izeneko saiakerak jokoa berrasmatu zuen garapen pertsonal eta bertute intelektualerako tresna funtsezko gisa.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-213 citation-end-213\">Franklinen ustez, xakea aisialdi hutsa baino zerbait gehiago zen; aurresateko, adi-adi ibiltzeko eta kontuz jokatzeko ariketa bat zen\u2014kalitate horiek bizitza pribatuan zein diplomazia publikoan arrakasta lortzeko ezinbestekotzat jotzen baitzituen.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-212 citation-end-212\">Argiaren Aroan zehar, Franklin Pariseko Caf\u00e9 de la R\u00e9gence bezalako xake-kafetegi ospetsuetara maiz joaten zen.<\/span> Espazio hauek garaiko lehen gizarte-sare gisa funtzionatu zuten, jokoak eztabaida zorrotzak eta iraultzaileak ziren ideien trukea errazten zuelarik, zientzia, politika eta filosofiaren munduak elkarlotuz.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u00a0<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Franklini jokoaren muga intelektualekiko lilurak Munduko txakur-joko automatarik ospetsuena den Turk Mekanikoarekin topaketa historiko batera eraman zuen. 1783ko Parisen egindako partida batean, Franklinek bere trebetasunak makinaren aurka probatu zituen, makineriaren arrazoiarekiko Ilustrazioaren obsesioa islatzen zuena. Turk-a azkenean Estatu Batuetara bidaiatu zuen eta bere azken egoitza Filadelfiako Peale Museoan (eta geroago Chinese Museum-ean) aurkitu zuen. 1854ko sute batean galdu arte hamarkada luzez Pennsylvaniako kultura zientifikoaren zutabe nagusietako bat izan zen. Giza asmamenaren eta makina adimenaren ondare honek historia, jokoak eta adimenaren eboluzioa aztertzen dituzten erakusketen oinarrizko istorio izaten jarraitzen du.<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Argazkiak Benjamin Franklin xakea jolasten irudikatzen du. Edward Harrison May-ren artelana, 1867.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The Morals of Chess&#8221; by Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin\u2019s 1786 essay, &#8220;The Morals of Chess,&#8221; redefined the game as a vital tool for personal development and intellectual virtue. Franklin believed that chess was more than a pastime; it was an exercise in foresight, circumspection, and caution\u2014qualities he deemed essential for success in both private life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1510","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1510"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions\/1516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/eu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}