{"id":1510,"date":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=1510"},"modified":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","slug":"affiche-39","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/exhibit\/affiche-39\/","title":{"rendered":"affiche-39"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1510\" class=\"elementor elementor-1510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426eb0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1426eb0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d76d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e675f73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e675f73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-300x236.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-1024x804.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-768x603.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-15x12.jpeg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225c171 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225c171\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\">\u201cLa morale des \u00e9checs\u201d par Benjamin Franklin<\/span><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\"><br \/><br \/>L'essai de Benjamin Franklin de 1786, \u201cThe Morals of Chess\u201d, red\u00e9finit le jeu comme un outil vital pour le d\u00e9veloppement personnel et la vertu intellectuelle.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-213 citation-end-213\">Franklin pensait que les \u00e9checs \u00e9taient plus qu'un passe-temps ; c'\u00e9tait un exercice de pr\u00e9voyance, de circonspection et de prudence - des qualit\u00e9s qu'il jugeait essentielles pour r\u00e9ussir dans la vie priv\u00e9e comme dans la diplomatie publique.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-212 citation-end-212\">Tout au long du si\u00e8cle des Lumi\u00e8res, Franklin fr\u00e9quente des caf\u00e9s d'\u00e9checs r\u00e9put\u00e9s, comme le Caf\u00e9 de la R\u00e9gence \u00e0 Paris.<\/span> Ces espaces ont servi de r\u00e9seaux sociaux originaux \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque, o\u00f9 le jeu facilitait les d\u00e9bats rigoureux et l'\u00e9change d'id\u00e9es r\u00e9volutionnaires, jetant un pont entre les mondes de la science, de la politique et de la philosophie.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u00a0<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">La fascination de Franklin pour les limites intellectuelles du jeu l'a conduit \u00e0 une rencontre historique avec le Turc m\u00e9canique, l'automate joueur d'\u00e9checs le plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre au monde. Lors d'un match \u00e0 Paris en 1783, Franklin a test\u00e9 ses comp\u00e9tences contre la machine, qui illustrait l'obsession du si\u00e8cle des Lumi\u00e8res pour la raison m\u00e9canique. Le Turc a ensuite voyag\u00e9 aux \u00c9tats-Unis et a trouv\u00e9 sa place d\u00e9finitive au mus\u00e9e Peale (et plus tard au mus\u00e9e chinois) de Philadelphie. Il est rest\u00e9 un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel de la culture scientifique de la Pennsylvanie pendant des d\u00e9cennies avant de dispara\u00eetre dans un incendie en 1854. Cet h\u00e9ritage de l'ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 humaine et de l'intelligence des machines reste une histoire fondamentale pour les expositions qui explorent l'intersection de l'histoire, des jeux et de l'\u00e9volution de l'intelligence.<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">La photo repr\u00e9sente Benjamin Franklin jouant aux \u00e9checs. \u0152uvre d'art d'Edward Harrison May, 1867<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The Morals of Chess&#8221; by Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin\u2019s 1786 essay, &#8220;The Morals of Chess,&#8221; redefined the game as a vital tool for personal development and intellectual virtue. Franklin believed that chess was more than a pastime; it was an exercise in foresight, circumspection, and caution\u2014qualities he deemed essential for success in both private life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1510","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1510"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions\/1516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}