{"id":1510,"date":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=1510"},"modified":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","slug":"pamlet-39","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/exhibit\/pamlet-39\/","title":{"rendered":"pamflet-39"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1510\" class=\"elementor elementor-1510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426eb0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1426eb0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d76d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e675f73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e675f73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-300x236.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-1024x804.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-768x603.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-15x12.jpeg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225c171 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225c171\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\">\u201cMoral Catur\u201d oleh Benjamin Franklin<\/span><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\"><br \/><br \/>Esei Benjamin Franklin tahun 1786, \u201cMoral Catur,\u201d mentakrifkan semula permainan itu sebagai alat penting untuk pembangunan peribadi dan kebajikan intelektual.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-213 citation-end-213\">Franklin percaya bahawa catur lebih daripada sekadar hiburan; ia adalah satu latihan dalam pandangan jauh, kewaspadaan, dan kehati-hatian\u2014sifat-sifat yang dianggapnya penting untuk kejayaan dalam kehidupan peribadi dan diplomasi awam.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-212 citation-end-212\">Sepanjang Zaman Pencerahan, Franklin kerap mengunjungi kafe catur terkenal seperti Caf\u00e9 de la R\u00e9gence di Paris.<\/span> Ruang-ruang ini berfungsi sebagai rangkaian sosial asal pada zaman itu, di mana permainan memudahkan perdebatan yang mendalam dan pertukaran idea revolusioner, menghubungkan dunia sains, politik, dan falsafah.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u00a0<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Minat Franklin terhadap had intelektual permainan itu membawanya kepada pertemuan bersejarah dengan Mechanical Turk, automasi catur paling terkenal di dunia. Semasa perlawanan pada tahun 1783 di Paris, Franklin menguji kemahirannya menentang mesin itu, yang melambangkan obsesi Zaman Pencerahan terhadap akal mekanikal. Turk itu akhirnya mengembara ke Amerika Syarikat dan menemui kediaman terakhirnya di Muzium Peale (dan kemudian Muzium Cina) di Philadelphia. Ia kekal sebagai elemen utama dalam budaya saintifik Pennsylvania selama beberapa dekad sebelum musnah dalam kebakaran pada tahun 1854. Warisan kecerdikan manusia dan kecerdasan mesin ini terus menjadi kisah asas bagi pameran yang meneroka persimpangan antara sejarah, permainan, dan evolusi kecerdasan.<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Foto ini menggambarkan Benjamin Franklin bermain catur. Karya seni oleh Edward Harrison May, 1867.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The Morals of Chess&#8221; by Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin\u2019s 1786 essay, &#8220;The Morals of Chess,&#8221; redefined the game as a vital tool for personal development and intellectual virtue. Franklin believed that chess was more than a pastime; it was an exercise in foresight, circumspection, and caution\u2014qualities he deemed essential for success in both private life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1510","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1510"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions\/1516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}