{"id":1510,"date":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=1510"},"modified":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","slug":"plakat-39","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/exhibit\/plakat-39\/","title":{"rendered":"plakat-39"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1510\" class=\"elementor elementor-1510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426eb0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1426eb0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d76d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e675f73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e675f73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-300x236.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-1024x804.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-768x603.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-15x12.jpeg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225c171 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225c171\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\">\u201cMoralno\u015b\u0107 gry w szachy\u201d autorstwa Benjamina Franklina<\/span><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\"><br \/><br \/>Esej Benjamina Franklina z 1786 roku, \u201cThe Morals of Chess\u201d, na nowo zdefiniowa\u0142 gr\u0119 jako istotne narz\u0119dzie rozwoju osobistego i cnoty intelektualnej.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-213 citation-end-213\">Franklin wierzy\u0142, \u017ce szachy to co\u015b wi\u0119cej ni\u017c rozrywka; by\u0142o to \u0107wiczenie przewidywania, ostro\u017cno\u015bci i rozwagi - cechy, kt\u00f3re uwa\u017ca\u0142 za niezb\u0119dne do odniesienia sukcesu zar\u00f3wno w \u017cyciu prywatnym, jak i publicznej dyplomacji.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-212 citation-end-212\">Przez ca\u0142y okres o\u015bwiecenia Franklin odwiedza\u0142 s\u0142ynne kawiarnie szachowe, takie jak Caf\u00e9 de la R\u00e9gence w Pary\u017cu.<\/span> Przestrzenie te s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142y jako oryginalne sieci spo\u0142eczno\u015bciowe epoki, w kt\u00f3rych gra u\u0142atwia\u0142a rygorystyczne debaty i wymian\u0119 rewolucyjnych pomys\u0142\u00f3w, \u0142\u0105cz\u0105c \u015bwiaty nauki, polityki i filozofii.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u00a0<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Fascynacja Franklina intelektualnymi ograniczeniami tej gry doprowadzi\u0142a go do historycznego spotkania z Mechanicznym Turkiem, najs\u0142ynniejszym na \u015bwiecie automatem do gry w szachy. Podczas meczu w Pary\u017cu w 1783 roku Franklin przetestowa\u0142 swoje umiej\u0119tno\u015bci przeciwko maszynie, kt\u00f3ra by\u0142a przyk\u0142adem o\u015bwieceniowej obsesji na punkcie mechanicznego rozumu. Turk ostatecznie trafi\u0142 do Stan\u00f3w Zjednoczonych i znalaz\u0142 sw\u00f3j ostateczny dom w Muzeum Peale'a (a p\u00f3\u017aniej w Muzeum Chi\u0144skim) w Filadelfii. Pozosta\u0142 on podstaw\u0105 kultury naukowej Pensylwanii przez dziesi\u0119ciolecia, zanim zosta\u0142 utracony w po\u017carze w 1854 roku. To dziedzictwo ludzkiej pomys\u0142owo\u015bci i inteligencji maszyn pozostaje fundamentaln\u0105 histori\u0105 dla wystaw badaj\u0105cych skrzy\u017cowanie historii, gier i ewolucji inteligencji.<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">Zdj\u0119cie przedstawia Benjamina Franklina graj\u0105cego w szachy. Dzie\u0142o Edwarda Harrisona Maya, 1867 r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The Morals of Chess&#8221; by Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin\u2019s 1786 essay, &#8220;The Morals of Chess,&#8221; redefined the game as a vital tool for personal development and intellectual virtue. Franklin believed that chess was more than a pastime; it was an exercise in foresight, circumspection, and caution\u2014qualities he deemed essential for success in both private life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1510","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1510"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions\/1516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}