{"id":1510,"date":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=1510"},"modified":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","modified_gmt":"2026-02-24T07:36:00","slug":"poster-39","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/exhibit\/poster-39\/","title":{"rendered":"p\u00f4ster-39"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1510\" class=\"elementor elementor-1510\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1426eb0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1426eb0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76d2b5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d76d2b5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e675f73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e675f73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"942\" src=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1513\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-300x236.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-1024x804.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-768x603.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/shatranj.art\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Ben-Franklin-Chess-scaled-1200x942-1-15x12.jpeg 15w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225c171 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225c171\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\">\u201cThe Morals of Chess\u201d (A moral do xadrez), de Benjamin Franklin<\/span><\/h3><p data-path-to-node=\"0\"><span class=\"citation-214 citation-end-214\"><br \/><br \/>O ensaio de Benjamin Franklin de 1786, \u201cThe Morals of Chess\u201d (A moral do xadrez), redefiniu o jogo como uma ferramenta vital para o desenvolvimento pessoal e a virtude intelectual.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-213 citation-end-213\">Franklin acreditava que o xadrez era mais do que um passatempo; era um exerc\u00edcio de previs\u00e3o, circunspec\u00e7\u00e3o e cautela - qualidades que ele considerava essenciais para o sucesso tanto na vida privada quanto na diplomacia p\u00fablica.<\/span> <span class=\"citation-212 citation-end-212\">Durante toda a Era do Iluminismo, Franklin frequentou os famosos caf\u00e9s de xadrez, como o Caf\u00e9 de la R\u00e9gence, em Paris.<\/span> Esses espa\u00e7os serviram como as redes sociais originais da \u00e9poca, onde o jogo facilitou debates rigorosos e a troca de ideias revolucion\u00e1rias, unindo os mundos da ci\u00eancia, da pol\u00edtica e da filosofia.<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u00a0<\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">O fasc\u00ednio de Franklin pelos limites intelectuais do jogo o levou a um encontro hist\u00f3rico com o Mechanical Turk, o mais famoso aut\u00f4mato jogador de xadrez do mundo. Durante uma partida em Paris, em 1783, Franklin testou suas habilidades contra a m\u00e1quina, que exemplificava a obsess\u00e3o do Iluminismo pela raz\u00e3o mec\u00e2nica. O Turk acabou viajando para os Estados Unidos e encontrou seu lar definitivo no Museu Peale (e, posteriormente, no Museu Chin\u00eas), na Filad\u00e9lfia. Ele permaneceu como um elemento b\u00e1sico da cultura cient\u00edfica da Pensilv\u00e2nia por d\u00e9cadas antes de ser perdido em um inc\u00eandio em 1854. Esse legado de engenhosidade humana e intelig\u00eancia de m\u00e1quina continua sendo uma hist\u00f3ria fundamental para exposi\u00e7\u00f5es que exploram a interse\u00e7\u00e3o de hist\u00f3ria, jogos e a evolu\u00e7\u00e3o da intelig\u00eancia.<br \/><br \/><br \/><\/p><p data-path-to-node=\"0\">A foto mostra Benjamin Franklin jogando xadrez. Obra de arte de Edward Harrison May, 1867<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;The Morals of Chess&#8221; by Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin\u2019s 1786 essay, &#8220;The Morals of Chess,&#8221; redefined the game as a vital tool for personal development and intellectual virtue. Franklin believed that chess was more than a pastime; it was an exercise in foresight, circumspection, and caution\u2014qualities he deemed essential for success in both private life [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1510","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1510"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1510\/revisions\/1516"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}