{"id":756,"date":"2026-02-21T09:44:01","date_gmt":"2026-02-21T09:44:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/?page_id=756"},"modified":"2026-03-02T06:56:13","modified_gmt":"2026-03-02T06:56:13","slug":"poster-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/exhibit\/poster-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Plakat 1"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Taryhy \u015fahmat (acedrex)dan h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmatyna (ajedrez) \u00e7enli ispan \u015fahmat fi\u00fdguralaryny\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fi<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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1. Dil\u00e7ilik \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fmesi: X-den J-e<\/b><\/h3>

Acedrex bilen Ajedrez arasyndaky tapawut, o\u00fdun \u00fc\u00e7in asyl arap adyny u\u00fdgunla\u015fdyrmaga synany\u015f\u00fdan Ispani\u00fda dilini\u0148 fonetik \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r:<\/p>

  • A<\/b>cedrex (13-nji asyr):\u00a0<\/strong>Bu, Paty\u015fa Alfonso X-i\u0148 1283-nji \u00fdyldaky risalesinde ulanyl\u00fdan esasy \u00fdazylma g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fidir., Satran\u00e7 Kitaby<\/i>. \u015eu wagtda \u201cc\u201d (e-den \u00f6\u0148) we \u201cx\u201d arab\u00e7adan miras galan \u201c\u015f\u201d sesini fonetik ta\u00fddan \u00fdazmak \u00fc\u00e7in ulanyl\u00fdardy Satran\u00e7<\/i>.<\/p><\/li>

  • Ajedrez (15-nji asyr):<\/b> Dil \u00f6s\u00fcp bar\u00fdan\u00e7a, \u015fol \u201csh\u201d sesi h\u00e4zirki, gurgudy \u201cj\u201d sesine \u00f6wr\u00fcldi (the jota<\/i>Luis Ram\u00edrez de Lucena 1497-nji \u00fdylda \u00f6z taryhy \u00e4hmi\u00fdete e\u00fde eserini \u00e7ap edende, \u00fdazgy h\u00e4zirki g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine \u00f6wr\u00fclipdi.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    2. Mekaniki ge\u00e7i\u015f: \u201cEl Viejo\u201d vs. \u201cDe la Dama\u201d<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Fonetik at \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4n mahaly, d\u00fczg\u00fcnler o\u00fdun tizligini d\u00fc\u00fdb\u00fcnden \u00fc\u00fdtged\u00fd\u00e4n inqilap\u00e7y g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7leni\u015fden ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4rdi. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f Lucena\u0148 1497-nji \u00fdyldaky eserinde be\u00fdan edilen iki ulgam bilen i\u0148 gowy kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4r:<\/p>\n\n

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      El Viejo (K\u00f6ne \u00fdol):<\/b> Bu Acedrex o\u00fdunyny\u0148 d\u00e4p bolan orta asyr d\u00fczg\u00fcnlerini a\u0148lad\u00fdar; \u015fol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde o\u00fdun ha\u00fdal, pozisi\u00fda g\u00f6re\u015fi bolupdy. Bu ulgamynda h\u00e4zir biz Dama di\u00fd\u00fd\u00e4n fi\u00fdgura Alferza (paty\u015fany\u0148 ge\u0148e\u015f\u00e7isi) di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdardy we di\u0148e diagonal ugrda bir k\u00fcnjek hereket edip bil\u00fd\u00e4rdi. \u015eol bir wagty\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcnde d\u00e4p bolan Alfil bolsa diagonal ugrda takyk iki k\u00fcnjekden sekip, be\u00fdleki fi\u00fdguralary\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ip bil\u00fd\u00e4rdi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t

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      De la Dama (H\u00e4zirki zaman usuly):<\/b> Bu \u201ct\u00e4ze\u201d o\u00fdun stili \u015fahmaty \u201c\u00e7alt, taktiki we partla\u00fdjy\u201d du\u015fu\u015fyga \u00f6w\u00fcrdi. Bu d\u00fczg\u00fcnler bo\u00fdun\u00e7a Alferza \u201cDama\u201d bilen \u00e7al\u015fyldy, ol bolsa \u00e4hli ugurlarda \u00e7\u00e4ksiz aralyga e\u00fde boldy. H\u00e4zirki zaman Alfil hem \u00e7\u00e4ksiz diagonal s\u00fc\u00fd\u015f\u00fcji g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine \u00f6wr\u00fcldi we \u00f6\u0148 Crocodile \u00fdaly eksperimental b\u00f6lekler \u00fc\u00e7in ni\u00fdetlenen g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li hereketi \u00f6z\u00fcne go\u015fdy.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      Krokildan filli ge\u00e7iri\u015f<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Ispani\u00fda edebi\u00fdatynda \u201c\u00e7\u00e4ksiz diagonal\u201d hereketini\u0148 \u201cAlfil\u201d adyna ge\u00e7megi orta asyr \u201cShatranj\u201ddan h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmatyna ge\u00e7ili\u015fde m\u00f6h\u00fcm \u00f6wr\u00fcli\u015flik bolup dur\u00fdar. Paty\u015fa Alfonso X-i\u0148 \u201cLibro de los Juegos (1283)\u201d eseri bu \u00e7\u00e4ksiz diagonal hereketi Crocodile di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdan \u00fd\u00f6rite bir fi\u00fdug bilen ilkinji gezek tany\u015fdyrdy.Krokodil<\/i>), \u201cAlfil\u201d ady standart 8\u00d78 o\u00fdunda bu hereket \u00fc\u00e7in 15-nji asyry\u0148 ahyryna \u00e7enli ga\u00fdtadan ulanylmandy.<\/p>\n\n

      1. Alfonso\u0148 kitabyndaky \u201cKrokodil\u201d (1283)<\/b><\/h3>\n

      Alfonso X-i\u0148 \u201cO\u00fdunlar kitaby\"nda\u201c<\/i>, standart Alfil henizem orta asyrlary\u0148 d\u00e4p bolan diagonal ugurda takyk iki kwadrat sek\u00fd\u00e4n pi\u00fdadasy bolup gal\u00fdardy. Emma Alfonso \u201cGrande Acedrex\" di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdan gi\u0148eldilen 12\u00d712 warianty go\u015fdy.\u201c<\/b> (Uly \u015eahmat), onda \u201cKrokodil\u201d di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdan t\u00e4ze bir fi\u00fdgura bardy (Krokodil<\/i>).<\/p>\n\n

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        Herek\u00e4t:<\/b> Krokodil doly h\u00e4zirki zaman b\u00f6legi \u00fdaly hereket etdi \u2014 p\u00e4sgel\u00e7iliksiz diagonal bo\u00fdun\u00e7a islendik aralygy s\u00fc\u00fd\u015f\u00fcp ge\u00e7di.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t

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        I\u0148spirasi\u00fda:<\/b> Taryh\u00e7ylar bu ady me\u015fhur diplomatik sowgat bilen baglany\u015fdyr\u00fdarlar: 1260-njy \u00fdylda M\u00fcs\u00fcr sultanyndan Paty\u015fany\u0148 gyzy \u00fc\u00e7in nikah teklibini\u0148 bir b\u00f6legi h\u00f6km\u00fcnde Alfonso X-e iberilen diri timsah. Bu timsahy\u0148 hakyky ululykdaky aga\u00e7dan \u00fdasal\u00fdan modeli, \u201cLagarto\" di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdar.\u201c<\/i>, h\u00e4zir hem Sevili\u00fda katedralynda asyl\u00fdar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2. 15-nji asyrda \u201cAlfil\u201de ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/b><\/h3>\n

        \u201cAlfil\u201d ady 1475 t\u00f6wereginde \u201cValensi\u00fda Reformasy\u201dndan so\u0148 standart 8\u00d78 o\u00fdunda \u00e7\u00e4ksiz diagonal hereket \u00fc\u00e7in resmi ta\u00fddan ulanyldy.<\/p>\n\n

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          Scachs d'amor (t. 1475):<\/b> Bu Walensi\u00fda go\u015fgy h\u00e4zirki \u015fahmat d\u00fczg\u00fcnlerini be\u00fdan ed\u00fd\u00e4n ilkinji edebi eseridir. Ol bu fi\u0148e a\u00e7yk-a\u00fddy\u0148 \u201cdaha dinamik rol\u201d ber\u00fd\u00e4r, diagonal ugrda m\u00fcmkin boldugy\u00e7a k\u00f6p kwadrat hereket etm\u00e4ge m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik ber\u00fd\u00e4r. Go\u015fgyda bu fi\u0148eler e\u00fd\u00fd\u00e4m \u201cAlfil\u201d (walensi\u00fda\/katalan dilinde) di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdar, bu d\u00f6w\u00fcrde ady k\u00f6ne \u201csekiji\u201dden t\u00e4ze \u201cs\u00fcrg\u00fcji\u201de ge\u00e7irilenini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t

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          Satran\u00e7 o\u00fdunlaryny\u0148 we part\u00fdalaryny\u0148 kitaby (1495):<\/b> Francesc Vicent tarapyndan \u00fdazylan bu \u00fditip giden kitap h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmaty baradaky ilkinji risala hasaplan\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 Iber \u00fdarymadasy bo\u00fdun\u00e7a t\u00e4ze hereket \u00fc\u00e7in \u201cAlfil\u201d adyny standartla\u015fdyrandygy \u00e7aklanyl\u00fdar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          3. Kastili\u00fda (ispan) edebi\u00fdatynda ilkinji \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykma<\/b><\/h3>\n

          Eger Valencian d\u00e4l-de Kastili\u00fda (ispan) edebi\u00fdatyny g\u00f6zle\u00fd\u00e4n bolsa\u0148yz, h\u00e4zirki hereket \u00fc\u00e7in \u201cAlfil\u201d s\u00f6zini\u0148 ilkinji kesgitli ulanyly\u015fy \u015fu \u00fderde:<\/p>\n\n

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            S\u00f6\u00fdgileri we \u015fahmat sungatyny ga\u00fdtalamak (1497):<\/b> Luis Ram\u00edrez de Lucena tarapyndan \u00fdazylan bu kitap, kastili\u00fd dilinde h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmaty barada i\u0148 gadymy saklanan \u00e7ap edilen eseridir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t

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            Lucena bu par\u00e7any Alfil (\u00fda-da Arfil) di\u00fdip atlandyr\u00fdar we \u201ct\u00e4ze\u201d d\u00fczg\u00fcnleri (de la dama) bilen \u201ck\u00f6ne\u201d d\u00fczg\u00fcnleri (el viejo) arasynda tapawut go\u00fd\u00fdar. Ol \u201ct\u00e4ze Alfil\u201di\u0148 indi diagonal bo\u00fdun\u00e7a hereket ed\u00fd\u00e4ndigini tassyklap, bu hereketi\u0148 aslynda Alfonso-ny\u0148 \u201cKrokodil\u201dine berlen hereketi \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdandygyny g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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            Alferzadan Dama (han\u00fdm) we Reina (paty\u015fa a\u00fdaly)<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            Her iki termin hem h\u00e4zirki wagtda ulanyl\u00fdan bolsa-da, ispan \u015fahmat edebi\u00fdatynda \u201cdama\u201d bilen \u201creina\u201d arasyndaky sa\u00fdlaw orta asyr o\u00fdunyndan h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmata ge\u00e7i\u015fi alamatlandyr\u00fdar we dilde bula\u015fyklygy \u00f6\u0148\u00fcni almak ugrunda uzak wagtlyk tagallalary g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n\n

            1. Ilkinji edebi \u00e7yky\u015f: Orta asyr \u201cReina\u201d<\/b><\/h3>\n

            Umumy edebi manyda \u201creina\u201d (paty\u015fa) termini ispan dilli \u015fahmat poezi\u00fdasynda, taxtadaky fiigura \u00fc\u00e7in standart ad bolmazdan ozal pe\u00fdda bolupdyr.<\/p>\n\n

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              11-nji asyr (\u015eegal):<\/span><\/b> Ispani\u00fdaly rabi\u201c<\/span>Ibrahim ibn Ezra\u201d<\/span> 11-nji asyry\u0148 ahyrynda \u015fol par\u00e7any \u201c di\u00fdip agz\u00fdan bir go\u015fgy \u00fdazdy.\u201c<\/span>\u015ee\u011fal\u201d<\/span> (paty\u015fa a\u00fdaly \u00fc\u00e7in ibran\u00ee termini).<\/span><\/p>\n\n

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              Orta asyr romantikasy:<\/b> Jacobus de Cessolisy\u0148 ahlak risalalaryny\u0148 t\u00e4siri astynda, eser k\u00f6plen\u00e7 \u2019<\/span>paty\u015fa\u201d<\/span> latyn dilinde we \u201c<\/span>paty\u015fa a\u00fdal<\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/b> Ilkinji roman dillerinde, ol henizem gow\u015fak, bir kwadratlyk diagonal hereket bilen hereket ed\u00fd\u00e4rdi\u201c<\/span>Alferza<\/span>\u201c<\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

              <\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              2. Ilkinji h\u00e4zirki zaman risalalary: \u201cDama\u201d standart h\u00f6km\u00fcnde<\/b><\/h3>\n

              15-nji asyry\u0148 ahyrynda g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li \u201c\u00e7\u00e4ksiz\u201d par\u00e7any d\u00f6retmek \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fczg\u00fcnler \u00fc\u00fdtg\u00e4ninde, ispan traktatlarynda hakykyda Reina d\u00e4l-de \u201cDama\u201d termini ulanyl\u00fdardy.<\/p>\n\n

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                Satran\u00e7 o\u00fdunlaryny\u0148 we part\u00fdalaryny\u0148 kitaby (1495):<\/span><\/b> Walensi\u00fdada Francesc Vicent tarapyndan \u00fdazylan bu eser h\u00e4zirki zaman \u015fahmaty baradaky ilkinji \u00e7ap edilen kitap hasaplan\u00fdar.<\/span> Ol \u201cDama\"na \u00fcnsi jemledi.\u201c<\/b> (Hanym) we \u201ct\u00e4ze\u201d hereket d\u00fczg\u00fcnlerini standartla\u015fdyrmak bilen ykrar edil\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

                S\u00f6\u00fdgileri we \u015fahmat sungatyny ga\u00fdtalamak (1497):<\/span><\/b> Luis Ram\u00edrez de Lucena h\u00e4zirki o\u00fdny (de la dama) kesgitlemek \u00fc\u00e7in \u201cDama\u201c s\u00f6zini a\u00e7yk ulan\u00fdardy. Ol \u201cReina\u201d s\u00f6zini se\u00fdrek ulan\u00fdardy, seb\u00e4bi o\u00fdun k\u00f6plen\u00e7 \u201cHanym \u015fahmaty\u201d di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdardy (k\u00f6plen\u00e7 Kastyli\u00fdany\u0148 I-nji Isabella paty\u015fasy bilen baglany\u015fykly).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                3. \u201cReina\u201d \u00fdygy-\u00fdygydan alternatiwa \u00f6wr\u00fcleninde<\/b><\/h3>\n

                Esasy ispan \u015fahmat edebi\u00fdatynda \u201cReina\u201d ulanyly\u015fyna ge\u00e7i\u015f o\u00fdun ilkinji \u201creform\u201d d\u00f6wr\u00fcnden \u00e7ykyp, 16-njy asyrda has \u00fdygy-\u00fdygydan \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykdy.<\/p>\n\n

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                  Ruy L\u00f3pez de Segura (1561):<\/b> \u00d6zini\u0148 bin\u00fdatyndaky eseri \u201cLibro de la Invenci\u00f3n Liberal y Arte del Juego del Axedrez\u201dde Ruy L\u00f3pez iki termini hem ulan\u00fdar, \u00fd\u00f6ne \u201cDama\u201c<\/b> strategiki be\u00fdanlarda tehniki ta\u00fddan \u00fcst\u00fcnligini saklady.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t

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                  \u201cR\u201d konflikti:<\/b> Tehniki \u015fahmat edebi\u00fdatynda \u201cReina\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcni\u0148 \u201cDama\u201dny doly \u00e7aly\u015fmadygyny\u0148 esasy seb\u00e4bi \u015fahmat \u00fdazgysy bolup dur\u00fdar. Ispani \u00fdazgysynda \u201cRey\u201d (Paty\u015fa) \u201cR\u201c harpy bilen bellen\u00fd\u00e4r. Gara\u015fmazlyk d\u00f6remeli d\u00e4ldigi \u00fc\u00e7in Paty\u015fabana \u201cDama\u201c \u00fc\u00e7in \u201cD\u201d harpy bellen\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Spanish chess piece evolution from historical chess (acedrex) toward modern chess (ajedrez) 1. The Linguistic Shift: From X to J The difference between Acedrex and Ajedrez illustrates the phonetic evolution of the Spanish language as it sought to adapt the original Arabic name for the game: Acedrex (The 13th Century):\u00a0This is the primary spelling used […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":743,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-756","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=756"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1883,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/756\/revisions\/1883"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shatranj.art\/tk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}